Introduction
Carbon is one of the most important elements on Earth. It is present in all living organisms and forms the basis of life. From the pencil lead we write with to the fuels we use every day, carbon is found everywhere. In this chapter, students learn how carbon forms different compounds, its unique properties, and how it plays a major role in our environment.
Understanding carbon builds the foundation for higher-level chemistry and enhances scientific thinking—helpful for competitive exams like NDA CDS 1 2026.
Subtopics Covered
1. What is Carbon?
- Symbol: C
- Non-metal
- Found in both free and combined forms
- Exists naturally as graphite, diamond, coal, petroleum, etc.
2. Allotropes of Carbon
- Diamond: hardest natural substance, used in cutting tools
- Graphite: soft, slippery, good conductor of electricity
- Coal: impure form used as fuel
- Why carbon shows allotropy
3. Carbon Cycle in Nature
- Movement of carbon between atmosphere, plants, animals, soil, and oceans
- Importance in maintaining balance of life on Earth
4. Carbon Compounds
- Organic vs. inorganic compounds
- Examples: methane, glucose, carbon dioxide
- Simple explanation of how carbon forms bonds
5. Uses of Carbon in Daily Life
- Fuels (coal, petroleum, natural gas)
- Medicines, plastics, fibres
- Pencils, batteries, purification systems (activated carbon)
6. Importance of Carbon for Life
- Found in carbohydrates, proteins, fats
- Present in DNA and living cells
- Essential for respiration and photosynthesis
Short Note About NDA CDS 1 2026 Exam
The NDA (National Defence Academy) and CDS (Combined Defence Services) exams are conducted by UPSC for entry into the Indian Armed Forces.
To perform well, students need strong fundamentals in science, including chemistry concepts like carbon and its compounds. Early preparation—starting from basic chapters in Class 7—helps develop clear understanding, which later supports higher-level physics, chemistry, and general science topics asked in NDA CDS 1 2026.
Conclusion
Carbon is a remarkable element that supports life, fuels industries, and forms countless useful materials. By learning its properties, compounds, and role in daily life, students build essential scientific knowledge. This foundation not only helps in school exams but also contributes to future competitive exams like NDA CDS 1 2026, where clear scientific concepts make a strong difference.
