Chinese-made weapons supplied by the United Arab Emirates (UAE) have been linked to Sudan’s paramilitary group, the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), according to a report released by Amnesty International. The organization highlighted the usage of advanced Chinese artillery and guided bombs by the RSF amid ongoing conflict, which has now entered its third year.
The report noted a notable increase in RSF operations in western Darfur and the capital, Khartoum, particularly after the loss of strategic territory earlier this year. Despite the evidence presented, the UAE has consistently denied allegations of arming the RSF, countering claims from UN experts and various international sources.
Amnesty’s findings include details on specific weaponry employed by the RSF, such as Chinese GB50A guided bombs and 155mm AH-4 howitzers, identified through meticulously analyzed video footage and photographs. The report underscored that the UAE is the only nation to have imported AH-4 howitzers from China, based on data from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. In response to the growing tensions, the Chinese embassy in Sudan advised its citizens to evacuate the country promptly.
Recent drone strikes launched by the RSF have intensified, particularly targeting army-controlled locations, including the main naval base near Port Sudan and cities like Kosti and Tendelti. Sources reported that air defense systems successfully intercepted several drones over Port Sudan. Tragically, a drone attack in Omdurman resulted in the deaths of two young girls, as confirmed by medical charity Doctors Without Borders.
Port Sudan, previously regarded as a sanctuary and primary aid hub, has been increasingly threatened by RSF drone activity. UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres raised alarms about the potential escalation of humanitarian needs due to these attacks, warning that aid operations could become even more complicated. The ongoing conflict has claimed tens of thousands of lives and displaced approximately 13 million people, as reported by the UN.
In a significant development, the army-backed government of Sudan severed ties with the UAE, alleging that the country was supplying the RSF with sophisticated weaponry. The UAE, however, refuted these claims, asserting that the current Sudanese administration does not represent the legitimate government.
The RSF’s aggressive strategy, including long-range drone strikes, has escalated since they lost control of large portions of greater Khartoum earlier this year. These attacks have targeted vital infrastructure, such as the last functioning international airport in Port Sudan, a major fuel depot, and the city’s primary power station.
Civilians in Port Sudan are now in a state of panic, with many attempting to escape the unfolding violence. Mahmoud Hussein, an employee at the local bus station, noted a significant surge in demand for tickets, with travelers struggling to find available seats. One displaced individual, Haidar Ibrahim, shared his plight: “The smoke is everywhere and my wife suffers from asthma. We have no choice but to leave.” Many fleeing the conflict have experienced multiple displacements as the war has carved the country into two opposing factions, with the army controlling the northern and central regions and the RSF dominating much of Darfur and parts of the south.
