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Current Affairs 01 October 2026
UPSC Completes 100 Years
The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) completed 100 years on 1 October 2026, marking a century since the establishment of the first Public Service Commission in India in 1926. Over the years, the institution evolved from an advisory body into a constitutionally established organization responsible for conducting major recruitment examinations for the Union government.
Beginning of the Merit-Based Civil Service System
The roots of competitive recruitment to the civil services in India can be traced to the Indian Civil Service (ICS) examination of 1855. The examination introduced an open competitive selection system instead of nomination. However, the examinations were conducted in London, which created significant difficulties for Indian candidates.
The Government of India Act, 1919 provided for the establishment of a Public Service Commission. Subsequently, the Lee Commission, headed by Lord Lee, prepared a report in 1924 concerning the establishment of such a commission.
Establishment of the First Public Service Commission
As a result of these developments, the first Public Service Commission was established on 1 October 1926.
The commission consisted of:
- Chairman: Sir Ross Barker
- Members: Four
The organization initially functioned as an advisory commission and later underwent several stages of institutional development.
From Federal Public Service Commission to UPSC
The Government of India Act, 1935 provided for the establishment of a Federal Public Service Commission along with Provincial Public Service Commissions. The Federal Public Service Commission began functioning in 1937.
Following India’s independence, the institution was transformed into the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) on 26 January 1950.
With the commencement of the Constitution of India, UPSC acquired constitutional status. Its constitutional provisions are contained in Articles 315 to 323.
Significance of UPSC
The completion of 100 years represents an important milestone in India’s civil-service recruitment system. The institution’s evolution reflects the gradual development of a competitive and merit-based approach to selecting personnel for public administration.
Key Facts for Competitive Exams
- UPSC completed: 100 years in 2026
- First Public Service Commission: 1 October 1926
- First Chairman: Sir Ross Barker
- Federal Public Service Commission: Began functioning in 1937
- UPSC came into existence: 26 January 1950
- Constitutional Articles: 315–323
- Early competitive civil service examination: ICS examination, 1855
International Translation Day 2026
International Translation Day is observed every year on 30 September to recognize the valuable contribution of translators, interpreters and other language professionals to communication and international cooperation.
The observance highlights the importance of language professionals in helping people and nations overcome linguistic barriers and promoting dialogue, understanding and cooperation.
UN Recognition
International Translation Day was officially established by the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) through Resolution 71/288, adopted on 24 May 2017.
The resolution recognized the contribution of language professionals in bringing nations closer together and supporting:
- Dialogue
- Mutual understanding
- International cooperation
- Development
- Peace and security
Why Is It Celebrated on 30 September?
The date has a historical and religious connection with Saint Jerome, who is regarded as the patron saint of translators.
Saint Jerome was a Christian priest and scholar known for translating Biblical texts into Latin. He died near Bethlehem on 30 September 420 CE.
Therefore, 30 September was selected as the date for International Translation Day.
Importance of Translation
Translation plays an important role in enabling communication between people who speak different languages. Professional translators and interpreters contribute to international dialogue and help facilitate cooperation across linguistic and cultural boundaries.
The day therefore recognizes not only written translation but also the wider contribution of language professionals to global communication.
Key Facts for Competitive Exams
- International Translation Day: 30 September
- UNGA Resolution: 71/288
- Resolution adopted: 24 May 2017
- Patron saint of translators: Saint Jerome
- Saint Jerome’s death: 30 September 420 CE
- Major focus: Dialogue, understanding, cooperation, development, peace and security
Manu Francis and Prince Noble Win Sailing Silver at Asian Games 2026
India added another medal to its tally at the Asian Games 2026 as Manu Francis and Prince Noble secured the silver medal in the men’s skiff category.
The Indian pair produced a strong performance in the competition, finishing second after competing in nine races.
Silver Medal Performance
Manu Francis and Prince Noble finished with 23 points after nine races. Their performance earned India another medal at the continental sporting event.
Their achievement was particularly significant because it marked India’s first sailing medal at the Asian Games 2026.
India’s Medal Tally
At the time of reporting, India’s overall medal tally at the Asian Games 2026 stood at:
- Gold: 10
- Silver: 22
- Bronze: 30
- Total: 62 medals
The result added to India’s growing medal tally across different sporting disciplines.
India’s Sailing Record
The 2026 silver medal also contributed to India’s overall sailing record at the Asian Games since 1951.
According to the source material, India had won 24 sailing medals at the Asian Games since 1951, comprising:
- 1 Gold
- 9 Silver
- 14 Bronze
Earlier Performances
The Indian team had been developing its performance in the 49er event through participation in international competitions.
The pair had previously secured:
- Bronze at the 2022 Asian Sailing Championships in Abu Dhabi
- Bronze at the 2023 Asian Sailing Championships in Pattaya
The latest Asian Games performance represents another step in India’s progress in the sailing discipline.
Key Facts for Competitive Exams
- Sport: Sailing
- Category: Men’s skiff
- Medal: Silver
- Indian sailors: Manu Francis and Prince Noble
- Points: 23
- Races: 9
- Asian Games 2026 Indian medal tally at reporting: 62
- India’s first sailing medal at Asian Games 2026
Fatima Zahra El Mansouri Becomes Morocco’s First Woman Prime Minister
Fatima Zahra El Mansouri was appointed as the Prime Minister of Morocco on 29 September 2026, becoming the first woman to hold the position according to the source material.
Her appointment followed Morocco’s parliamentary elections held on 23 September 2026.
Political Background
El Mansouri is a senior member of Morocco’s Authenticity and Modernity Party (PAM).
In the 2026 parliamentary elections, the PAM secured the highest number of seats, winning 97 of the 395 seats in Morocco’s House of Representatives.
Her appointment followed the party’s electoral performance.
Previous Experience
Before becoming Prime Minister, Fatima Zahra El Mansouri had held important public positions.
She had previously served as:
- Minister of National Planning, Urban Planning, Housing and City Policy
- Mayor of Marrakech
She was 50 years old at the time of her appointment.
Morocco: Important Facts
Morocco is a country in North Africa. Some important facts highlighted in the source material are:
- Country: Morocco
- Capital: Rabat
- Head of State: King Mohammed VI
- New Head of Government: Fatima Zahra El Mansouri
- Legislature: Parliament of Morocco
- Lower House: House of Representatives
Significance
The appointment of Fatima Zahra El Mansouri represents a significant development in Morocco’s political history, as she became the country’s first woman Prime Minister according to the provided source.
Her previous administrative and ministerial experience, combined with her leadership role in the PAM, preceded her appointment as head of government.
Key Facts for Competitive Exams
- First woman Prime Minister of Morocco: Fatima Zahra El Mansouri
- Appointment date: 29 September 2026
- Party: Authenticity and Modernity Party (PAM)
- PAM seats: 97 out of 395
- Capital of Morocco: Rabat
- Head of State: King Mohammed VI
- Legislature: Parliament of Morocco
- Lower House: House of Representatives
IAF’s No. 17 Squadron ‘Golden Arrows’ Completes 75 Years
The Indian Air Force’s No. 17 Squadron, popularly known as the Golden Arrows, completed 75 years on 1 October 2026.
The squadron was established on 1 October 1951 at Air Force Station Ambala, marking 75 years of service to the Indian Air Force.
Formation and Early Years
No. 17 Squadron was initially established as a tactical reconnaissance unit.
It began operations with 12 American Harvard-II B aircraft. In 1955, the squadron was converted to operate the British de Havilland Vampire, one of the early jet aircraft inducted into the Indian Air Force.
The squadron subsequently became associated with several important phases of India’s military aviation history.
Operational Record
The Golden Arrows have participated in several major Indian military operations since the 1960s.
Its operational record includes:
- 1961 Liberation of Goa
- Indo-Pakistan War of 1965
- Indo-Pakistan War of 1971
- Kargil conflict of 1999
- Balakot strikes
- Operation Sindoor in May 2025
These operations form an important part of the squadron’s long operational history.
Transition to Rafale
The squadron was number-plated in 2016 during the phase-out of MiG-21 aircraft.
It was subsequently re-raised on 11 September 2019 at Ambala Air Force Station.
Following its re-raising, No. 17 Squadron became the first IAF unit to operate the Dassault Rafale fighter aircraft.
Unit Citation
In October 2025, No. 17 Squadron received a Unit Citation for its performance during Operation Sindoor under the command of Group Captain Amit Gehani.
The squadron’s role in the Kargil conflict was also depicted in a Netflix series released in August 2026, according to the source material.
Key Facts for Competitive Exams
- Squadron: No. 17 Squadron, IAF
- Nickname: Golden Arrows
- Raised: 1 October 1951
- Place: Air Force Station Ambala
- 75th anniversary: 1 October 2026
- First commanding officer: Flight Lieutenant D. L. Springett
- Initial role: Tactical reconnaissance
- Initial aircraft: 12 Harvard-II B aircraft
- Later aircraft: de Havilland Vampire
- Re-raised: 11 September 2019
- First IAF Rafale unit: No. 17 Squadron
- Unit Citation: October 2025
Review Questions
1. On which date did the first Public Service Commission in India come into existence?
A) 26 January 1950
B) 1 October 1926
C) 15 August 1947
D) 1 April 1937
Answer: B) 1 October 1926 DCA 01 October 2026
2. Who was the first Chairman of the Public Service Commission established in 1926?
A) Lord Lee
B) Sir Ross Barker
C) Sir Stafford Cripps
D) Lord Curzon
Answer: B) Sir Ross Barker DCA 01 October 2026
3. International Translation Day is observed annually on which date?
A) 24 May
B) 29 September
C) 30 September
D) 1 October
Answer: C) 30 September DCA 01 October 2026
4. Which UN General Assembly resolution officially declared International Translation Day?
A) Resolution 71/288
B) Resolution 75/100
C) Resolution 68/221
D) Resolution 70/245
Answer: A) Resolution 71/288 DCA 01 October 2026
5. Who won the silver medal for India in the men’s skiff category at the Asian Games 2026?
A) Sanjeev Raj and Ajay Bhaskar
B) Manu Francis and Prince Noble
C) Manu Francis and Sanjeev Raj
D) Prince Noble and Ajay Bhaskar
Answer: B) Manu Francis and Prince Noble DCA 01 October 2026
6. Who became the first woman Prime Minister of Morocco?
A) Nabila Mounib
B) Amina Bouayach
C) Fatima Zahra El Mansouri
D) Leila Benali
Answer: C) Fatima Zahra El Mansouri DCA 01 October 2026
7. Fatima Zahra El Mansouri belongs to which political party?
A) Justice and Development Party
B) Authenticity and Modernity Party
C) Istiqlal Party
D) Socialist Union of Popular Forces
Answer: B) Authenticity and Modernity Party (PAM) DCA 01 October 2026
8. The Indian Air Force’s No. 17 Squadron is popularly known by which name?
A) Black Panthers
B) Flying Daggers
C) Golden Arrows
D) Falcons
Answer: C) Golden Arrows DCA 01 October 2026
9. No. 17 Squadron of the IAF was re-raised in 2019 and became the first IAF unit to operate which fighter aircraft?
A) MiG-29
B) Su-30MKI
C) Tejas
D) Dassault Rafale
Answer: D) Dassault Rafale DCA 01 October 2026
10. In which year was the Federal Public Service Commission started functioning?
A) 1926
B) 1935
C) 1937
D) 1950
Answer: C) 1937
