India and Russia are currently in intensive discussions regarding the joint production of the Su-57 fifth-generation fighter jet, a collaboration confirmed by Russian Ambassador Denis Alipov. The negotiations represent a substantial step forward, featuring an unprecedented offer from Russia for deep technology transfer and large-scale localization, which could significantly enhance the defense relationship between the two countries.
Moscow has proposed a comprehensive cooperation framework for the Su-57E platform, pledging complete access to critical technologies essential for modern fighter aircraft. This offer includes source codes, stealth materials, artificial intelligence-enabled avionics, sensors, AESA radar, engines, low-signature technologies, and advanced weapon systems, surpassing the capabilities offered in previous Indo-Russian defense programs, including the Su-30MKI.
In addition to technological sharing, Russia is prepared to support licensed production in India, with Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) poised to lead the manufacturing and integration process. The initial batch of aircraft is expected to be delivered in a fly-away condition, followed by the indigenous production of subsequent squadrons, thus reinforcing India’s capabilities in advanced fighter technologies.
This collaboration aligns seamlessly with India’s ambitious ‘Make in India’ and ‘Aatmanirbhar Bharat’ initiatives, empowering the country to develop sovereign capabilities in fifth-generation fighter technologies. Officials anticipate that the program could facilitate the induction of at least two squadrons, with further expansion likely based on cost efficiencies achieved through localization.
In terms of financial implications, the export price of Su-57 units is estimated to be between $35 million and $50 million, which is projected to rise to $60 million to $75 million under local manufacturing conditions. This pricing framework makes the Su-57 a competitively viable option compared to Western fifth-generation fighters like the F-35, while also offering full manufacturing and upgrade rights to India.
The strategic necessity for this partnership is underscored by evolving geopolitical dynamics and India’s accelerated roadmap for indigenous fighter development. Almost a decade after India opted out of the earlier FGFA (Fifth Generation Fighter Aircraft) program due to cost and technology concerns, the renewed negotiations signal a re-engagement shaped by changing defense priorities.
These discussions occur alongside existing collaborations involving the S-400 air defense system and prospective conversations on the S-500 system, along with ongoing work on the BrahMos missile project. At recent events such as the Dubai Air Show, Russian officials highlighted the Su-57’s capabilities and emphasized the unique advantage of Russia’s willingness to share full technology, a commitment not typically offered by Western partners. ROSTEC CEO Sergey Chemezov reaffirmed that Moscow is dedicated to meeting India’s requirements, including potential weapon integration and ongoing production support.
Looking ahead, these discussions are expected to gain momentum with Russian President Vladimir Putin’s upcoming visit to India in December. A formal announcement regarding the Su-57 collaboration during this visit would represent a significant advancement in India’s air combat modernization efforts, balancing access to advanced technologies with domestic capability development and enhancing strategic autonomy in the realm of fifth-generation military aviation.
