The US Missile Defense Agency has marked a significant milestone with the acquisition of its first upgraded AN/TPY-2 radar, designed to enhance its ability to detect, track, and distinguish between ballistic missile threats. This cutting-edge radar system, developed by Raytheon, is fully equipped with a Gallium Nitride (GaN) semiconductor, which substantially increases detection sensitivity, range, and overall surveillance capacity, making it particularly effective for hypersonic defense scenarios.
Incorporating the latest CX6 high-performance computing software, the radar is designed for precise target discrimination while also providing electronic attack protection. Operating within the X-band of the electromagnetic spectrum, its advanced capabilities enable it to accurately differentiate between legitimate threats and non-threatening objects.
While this marks the first radar using GaN to be delivered to the Missile Defense Agency, it is notable as the 13th AN/TPY-2 radar acquired by the United States. Sam Deneke, President of Air and Space Defense Systems at Raytheon, highlighted the innovation behind this model, stating that it represents the most advanced version of the AN/TPY-2, benefiting from years of sustained investment. Deneke emphasized that this new iteration provides superior capability at a reduced cost to the US armed forces.
Saudi Arabia became the first recipient of the GaN-equipped AN/TPY-2 radar in September 2024, following a $2.3 billion contract signed in 2020. This radar is a crucial element of the Pentagon’s Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) system, specifically engineered to intercept short, medium, and intermediate-range ballistic missile threats both within and beyond the atmosphere.
The enhanced sensitivity and range afforded by the GaN technology significantly improve early threat detection, ultimately enabling operators to make critical engagement decisions earlier in the missile trajectory. According to Jon Norman, Vice President for Air and Space Defense Systems Requirements and Capabilities, this advancement allows for better command and control decision-making regarding which defensive measures—such as the SM series, Patriot systems, or THAAD—should be deployed.
The upgraded AN/TPY-2 radar is particularly well-suited for detecting hypersonic targets, which are characterized by their high speeds and complex maneuvers that complicate detection and interception efforts. Norman noted that the radar can now detect incoming missiles effectively at the critical moment when the missile’s booster separates from its warhead, thereby enhancing the likelihood of successful interception.
This technological advancement underscores the US commitment to maintaining a robust and sophisticated missile defense system capable of addressing emerging threats from advanced missile technology globally.
