India has a predominantly tropical monsoon climate, characterized by significant seasonal variations in temperature and rainfall. It features four main seasons: winter (Dec–Feb), summer (Mar–May), monsoon/rainy (June–Sept), and retreating monsoon (Oct–Nov). The climate is highly diverse, ranging from tropical heat in the south to alpine cold in the Himalayas.
NDA & CDS 1 2026 Exam GK – Indian Climate
1. Which of the following factors primarily influence the climate of India?
- Latitude
- Altitude
- Distance from the sea
- Relief features
Select the correct answer using the code below:
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1, 2 and 3 only
C. 2, 3 and 4 only
D. 1, 2, 3 and 4
Answer: D
2. The phenomenon of Western Disturbances in India originates from:
A. Mediterranean Sea region
B. Arabian Sea
C. Bay of Bengal
D. South China Sea
Answer: A
3. Which of the following regions receives rainfall from both the Southwest and Northeast Monsoon?
A. Kerala
B. Tamil Nadu
C. Rajasthan
D. Punjab
Answer: B
4. Consider the following statements regarding the Jet Stream:
- It influences the onset of the Indian monsoon.
- It flows from west to east in the upper troposphere.
- It is stronger during winter than summer.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1, 2 and 3
D. 1 and 3 only
Answer: C
5. The burst of monsoon refers to:
A. Sudden increase in temperature
B. Sudden onset of heavy rainfall with thunder and lightning
C. Break in monsoon rainfall
D. Cyclonic rainfall in winter
Answer: B
6. Which of the following winds cause winter rainfall in North-West India?
A. Trade Winds
B. Westerlies
C. Western Disturbances
D. Monsoon Winds
Answer: C
7. Which one of the following regions of India experiences lowest annual rainfall?
A. Western Ghats
B. Thar Desert
C. Meghalaya Plateau
D. Indo-Gangetic Plain
Answer: B
8. Consider the following statements regarding El Niño:
- It refers to warming of Pacific Ocean waters.
- It weakens the Indian monsoon.
- It always causes drought in India.
Which statements are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
Answer: A
9. The Retreating Monsoon season in India is associated with:
A. Cyclones in the Bay of Bengal
B. Snowfall in Himalayas
C. Dust storms in Rajasthan
D. Heavy rainfall in Kerala
Answer: A
10. Which of the following places records the highest rainfall in India?
A. Cherrapunji
B. Mawsynram
C. Shillong
D. Tura
Answer: B
11. The Loo winds in India are:
A. Cold winds in winter
B. Hot and dry winds in summer
C. Moist winds during monsoon
D. Mountain winds in Himalayas
Answer: B
12. The Kharif crops in India depend mainly on rainfall from:
A. Northeast Monsoon
B. Southwest Monsoon
C. Western Disturbances
D. Cyclonic rainfall
Answer: B
13. Which of the following conditions is responsible for the onset of the Southwest Monsoon in India?
A. Formation of low pressure over Tibetan Plateau
B. Heating of Thar Desert
C. Shift of Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)
D. All of the above
Answer: D
14. Consider the following statements about Cyclones in India:
- They originate mostly in the Bay of Bengal.
- They mainly occur during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons.
- They never occur during monsoon season.
Which statements are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
Answer: A
15. The rain shadow region in India is best represented by:
A. Western Coastal Plains
B. Deccan Plateau east of Western Ghats
C. Meghalaya Plateau
D. Indo-Gangetic Plain
Answer: B
16. The Kalbaisakhi storms are associated with:
A. Punjab and Haryana
B. West Bengal and Assam
C. Rajasthan
D. Gujarat
Answer: B
17. Which of the following factors prevents India from experiencing extreme continental climate?
A. Himalayas
B. Indian Ocean
C. Monsoon winds
D. Western Disturbances
Answer: B
18. The Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) is characterized by:
A. High pressure and dry weather
B. Low pressure and rising air currents
C. Cold air masses
D. Jet streams
Answer: B
19. Which of the following months usually marks the complete withdrawal of the Southwest Monsoon from India?
A. August
B. September
C. October
D. November
Answer: C
20. The Tamil Nadu coast receives maximum rainfall during winter because of:
A. Western Disturbances
B. Southwest Monsoon
C. Northeast Monsoon
D. Cyclonic storms from Arabian Sea
Answer: C
