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List of National Parks in India – Full List

National parks in India are designated areas that are strictly reserved for the protection and preservation of wildlife, biodiversity, and natural ecosystems. These protected regions are governed by stringent regulations,...

indian national parks

National parks in India are designated areas that are strictly reserved for the protection and preservation of wildlife, biodiversity, and natural ecosystems. These protected regions are governed by stringent regulations, ensuring that developmental activities, forestry, poaching, hunting, and even private ownership rights are strictly prohibited.

The primary objective of these national parks is to safeguard the diverse array of flora and fauna found within their boundaries, maintaining the natural ecological balance and promoting sustainable tourism.

National Parks in India
National Parks in India Map

Exploring the Diversity of India’s National Parks

India boasts an impressive network of 106 national parks, each offering a unique and captivating experience for visitors. From the snow-capped peaks of the Himalayas to the sun-drenched beaches of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, these protected areas showcase the country’s remarkable geographical and ecological diversity.

The Largest National Park: Hemis National Park

Nestled in the rugged terrain of Jammu and Kashmir, Hemis National Park stands as the largest national park in India, spanning an impressive area of approximately 4,400 square kilometers. This vast wilderness is a haven for a wide range of species, including the elusive snow leopard, Himalayan brown bear, and the majestic Tibetan argali.

The Smallest National Park: South Button Island National Park

In stark contrast, the South Button Island National Park in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands is the smallest national park in India, covering an area of just 0.03 square kilometers. Despite its diminutive size, this island sanctuary is home to a diverse array of marine life, including several species of seabirds and sea turtles.

State-wise Distribution of National Parks

The distribution of national parks across India is not uniform, with some states boasting a higher concentration than others. Madhya Pradesh and Andaman and Nicobar Islands lead the pack, each with 9 national parks within their borders. Other states, such as Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, and Rajasthan, also have a significant number of national parks, showcasing the country’s commitment to wildlife conservation.

Famous National Parks in India A Great Place to watch Tigers
Jim Corbett National Park

Unique Ecosystems and Iconic Species

India’s national parks are not merely expanses of protected land; they are living, breathing ecosystems that harbor a remarkable diversity of flora and fauna. From the majestic Bengal tigers roaming the forests of Ranthambore to the elusive snow leopards prowling the rugged terrain of Hemis, these sanctuaries are home to a plethora of iconic species that captivate the imagination of visitors.

Preserving Endangered Species

Many of India’s national parks serve as critical habitats for endangered species, such as the one-horned rhinoceros in Kaziranga National Park, the Asiatic lion in Gir National Park, and the Nilgiri tahr in the Eravikulam National Park. These protected areas play a vital role in the conservation efforts, providing safe havens for these threatened species to thrive and repopulate.

Unique Ecosystems and Biodiversity Hotspots

Beyond the charismatic megafauna, India’s national parks are also home to a remarkable diversity of plant life, from the vibrant wildflowers of the Himalayan regions to the mangrove forests of the Sundarbans. These ecosystems are often designated as biodiversity hotspots, recognized for their exceptional levels of species richness and the presence of endemic and threatened species.

indian national park

Sustainable Tourism and Conservation Efforts

The allure of India’s national parks extends beyond their natural wonders; they also serve as important hubs for sustainable tourism and conservation initiatives. Responsible ecotourism not only generates revenue for the local communities but also raises awareness about the importance of protecting these fragile environments.

Eco-tourism and Community Engagement

Many national parks in India have implemented ecotourism programs that engage local communities, providing them with employment opportunities and empowering them as stewards of the land. These initiatives not only support the local economy but also foster a sense of ownership and pride among the residents, ensuring the long-term sustainability of conservation efforts.

Research and Monitoring

In addition to tourism, India’s national parks are also centers of research and monitoring, with scientists and conservationists studying the intricate relationships within these ecosystems. This knowledge is crucial for informing management decisions and guiding the development of effective conservation strategies.

State-wise National Parks in India

State/Union TerritoryTotal  ParksNational Parks NameEstablishment Year
Andaman & Nicobar Islands9Campbell Bay National Park1992
Galathea Bay National Park1992
Mahatama Gandhi Marine (Wandoor) National Park1982
Middle Button Island National Park1987
Mount Harriett National Park1987
North Button Island National Park1987
Rani Jhansi Marine National Park1996
Saddle Peak National Park1987
South Button Island National Park1987
Andhra Pradesh3Papikonda National Park2008
Rajiv Gandhi (Rameswaram) National Park2005
Sri Venkateswara National Park1989
Arunachal Pradesh2Mouling National Park1986
Namdapha National Park1983
Assam5Dibru-Saikhowa National Park1999
Kaziranga National Park1974
Manas National Park1990
Nameri National Park1998
Rajiv Gandhi Orang National Park1999
Bihar1Valmiki National Park1989
Chhattisgarh3Guru Ghasidas (Sanjay) National Park1981
Indravati (Kutru) National Park1982
Kanger Valley National Park1982
Goa1Mollem National Park1992
Gujarat4Vansda National Park1979
Blackbuck (Velavadar) National Park1976
Gir National Park1975
Marine (Gulf of Kachchh) National Park1982
Haryana2Kalesar National Park2003
SultaNational Parkur National Park1989
Himachal Pradesh5Great Himalayan National Park1984
Inderkilla National Park2010
Khirganga National Park2010
Pin Valley National Park1987
Simbalbara National Park2010
Jammu and Kashmir4City Forest (Salim Ali) National Park1992
Dachigam National Park1981
Kishtwar National Park1981
Jharkhand1Betla National Park1986
Karnataka5Anshi National Park1987
Bandipur National Park1974
Bannerghatta National Park1974
Kudremukh National Park1987
Nagarahole (Rajiv Gandhi) National Park1988
Kerala6Anamudi Shola National Park2003
Eravikulam National Park1978
Mathikettan Shola National Park2003
Pambadum Shola National Park2003
Periyar National Park1982
Silent Valley National Park1984
Madhya Pradesh9Bandhavgarh National Park1968
Fossil National Park1983
Indira Priyadarshini Pench National Park1975
Kanha National Park1955
Madhav National Park1959
Panna National Park1981
Sanjay National Park1981
Satpura National Park1981
Van Vihar National Park1979
Maharashtra6Chandoli National Park2004
Gugamal National Park1975
Nawegaon National Park1975
Pench (Jawaharlal Nehru) National Park1975
Sanjay Gandhi (Borivali) National Park1983
Tadoba National Park1955
Manipur1Keibul-Lamjao National Park1977
Meghalaya2Balphakram National Park1985
Nokrek Ridge National Park1986
Mizoram2Murlen National Park1991
Phawngpui Blue Mountain National Park1992
Nagaland1Intanki National Park1993
Odisha2Bhitarkanika National Park1988
Simlipal National Park1980
Rajasthan5Mukundra Hills National Park2006
Desert National Park1992
Keoladeo Ghana National Park1981
Ranthambhore National Park1980
Sariska National Park1992
Sikkim1Khangchendzonga National Park1977
Tamil Nadu5Guindy National Park1976
Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park1980
Indira Gandhi (Annamalai) National Park1989
Mudumalai National Park1990
Mukurthi National Park1990
Ladakh1Hemis National Park1981
Telangana3Kasu Brahmananda Reddy National Park1994
Mahaveer Harina Vanasthali National Park1994
Mrugavani National Park1994
Tripura2Clouded Leopard National Park2007
Bison (Rajbari) National Park2007
Uttar Pradesh1Dudhwa National Park1977
Uttarakhand6Corbett National Park1936
Gangotri National Park1989
Govind National Park1990
Nanda Devi National Park1982
Rajaji National Park1983
Valley of Flowers National Park1982
West Bengal6Buxa National Park1992
Gorumara National Park1992
Jaldapara National Park2014
Neora Valley National Park1986
Singalila National Park1986
Sunderban National Park1984

List of Wildlife Sanctuary in India

State/Union TerritoryTotal Wildlife SanctuaryWildlife Sanctuary NameYear
Andaman and Nicobar96Arial Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Bamboo Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Barren Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Battimalv Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Belle Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Benett Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Bingham Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Blister Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Bluff Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Bondoville Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Brush Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Buchanan Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Chanel Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Cinque Islands Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Clyde Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Cone Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Curlew (B.P.) Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Curlew Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Cuthbert Bay Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Defence Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Dot Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Dottrell Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Duncan Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
East Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
East of Inglis Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Egg Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Elat Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Entrance Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Gander Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Galathea Bay Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Girjan Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Goose Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Hump Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Interview Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
James Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Jungle Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Kwangtung Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Kyd Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Landfall Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Latouche Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Lohabarrack (Saltwater Crocodile) Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Mangrove Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Mask Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Mayo Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Megapode Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Montogemery Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Narcondam Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
North Brother Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
North Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
North Reef Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Oliver Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Orchid Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Ox Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Oyster Island-I Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Oyster Island-II Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Paget Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Parkinson Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Passage Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Patric Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Peacock Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Pitman Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Point Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Potanma Islands Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Ranger Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Reef Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Roper Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Ross Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Rowe Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Sandy Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Sea Serpent Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Shark Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Shearme Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Sir Hugh Rose Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Sisters Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Snake Island-I Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Snake Island-II Wildlife Sanctuary1987
South Brother Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
South Reef Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
South Sentinel Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Spike Island-I Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Spike Island-II Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Stoat Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Surat Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Swamp Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Table (Delgarno) Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Table (Excelsior) Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Talabaicha Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Temple Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Tillongchang Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Tree Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Trilby Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Tuft Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Turtle Islands Wildlife Sanctuary1987
West Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Wharf Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
White Cliff Island Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Andhra Pradesh13Coringa Wildlife Sanctuary1978
Gundla Brahmeswaram Wildlife Sanctuary1990
Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary2002
Koundinya Wildlife Sanctuary1990
Kolleru  Wildlife Sanctuary1953
Krishna Wildlife Sanctuary1989
Nagarjuna Sagar – Srisailam Wildlife Sanctuary1978
Nellapattu Wildlife Sanctuary1976
Pulicat Lake Wildlife Sanctuary1976
Rollapadu Wildlife Sanctuary1988
Sri Lankamalleswara Wildlife Sanctuary1988
Sri Penusila Narasimha Wildlife Sanctuary1997
Sri Venkateswara Wildlife Sanctuary1985
Arunachal Pradesh11D’Ering Memorial (Lali) Wildlife Sanctuary1978
Dibang Wildlife Sanctuary1991
Eagle Nest Wildlife Sanctuary1989
Itanagar Wildlife Sanctuary1978
Kamlang Wildlife Sanctuary1989
Kane Wildlife Sanctuary1991
Mahao Wildlife Sanctuary1980
Pakke (Pakhui) Wildlife Sanctuary1977
Sessa Orchid Wildlife Sanctuary1989
Tale Wildlife Sanctuary1995
Yordi Rabe Supse Wildlife Sanctuary1996
Assam18Amchang Wildlife Sanctuary2004
Barail Wildlife Sanctuary2004
Barnadi Wildlife Sanctuary1980
Bherjan-Borajan-Padumoni Wildlife Sanctuary1999
Burachapari Wildlife Sanctuary1995
Chakrasila Wildlife Sanctuary1994
Deepor Beel Wildlife Sanctuary1994
Dihing Patkai Wildlife Sanctuary2004
East Karbi Anglong Wildlife Sanctuary2000
Garampani Wildlife Sanctuary1952
Hollongapar Gibbon Wildlife Sanctuary1997
Lawkhowa Wildlife Sanctuary1972
Marat Longri Wildlife Sanctuary2003
Nambor Wildlife Sanctuary2000
Nambor-Doigrung  Wildlife Sanctuary2003
Pabitora Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Pani-Dihing Bird Wildlife Sanctuary1995
Sonai Rupai Wildlife Sanctuary1998
Bihar12Barela Jheel Salim Ali Bird Wildlife Sanctuary1997
Bhimbandh Wildlife Sanctuary1976
Gautam Budha Wildlife Sanctuary1976
Kaimur Wildlife Sanctuary1982
Kanwarjheel Wildlife Sanctuary1989
Kusheshwar Asthan Bird Wildlife Sanctuary1994
Nagi Dam Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Nakti Dam Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Pant (Rajgir) Wildlife Sanctuary1978
Udaipur Wildlife Sanctuary1978
Valmiki Wildlife Sanctuary1978
Vikramshila Gangetic Dolphin Wildlife Sanctuary1990
Chhattisgarh11Achanakmar Wildlife Sanctuary1975
Badalkhol Wildlife Sanctuary1975
Barnawapara Wildlife Sanctuary1976
Bhairamgarh Wildlife Sanctuary1983
Bhoramdev Wildlife Sanctuary2001
Sarangarh – Gomardha Wildlife Sanctuary1975
Pamed Wild Buffalo Wildlife Sanctuary1985
Semarsot Wildlife Sanctuary1978
Sitanadi Wildlife Sanctuary1974
Tamor Pingla Wildlife Sanctuary1978
Udanti Wild Buffalo Wildlife Sanct1985
Chandigarh2City Bird Wildlife Sanctuary1998
Sukhna Lake Wildlife Sanctuary1986
Dadra and Nagar Haveli1Dadra and Nagar Haveli Wildlife Sanctuary2000
Daman and Diu1Fudam Wildlife Sanctuary1991
Delhi1Asola Bhati (Indira Priyadarshini) Wildlife Sanctuary1992
Goa6Bondla Wildlife Sanctuary1969
Dr. Salim Ali Bird (Chorao) Wildlife Sanctuary1988
Cotigaon Wildlife Sanctuary1968
Madei Wildlife Sanctuary1999
Bhagwan Mahavir Wildlife Sanctuary1967
Netravali Wildlife Sanctuary1999
Gujarat23Balaram Ambaji Wildlife Sanctuary1989
Barda Wildlife Sanctuary1979
Gaga (Great Indian Bustard) Wildlife Sanctuary1988
Gir Wildlife Sanctuary1965
Girnar Wildlife Sanctuary2008
Hingolgadh Wildlife Sanctuary1980
Jambughoda Wildlife Sanctuary1990
Jessore Sloth Bear Wildlife Sanctuary1978
Kachchh (Lala) Great Indian Bustard Wildlife Sanctuary1995
Kachchh Desert Wildlife Sanctuary1986
Khijadiya Bird Wildlife Sanctuary1981
Marine (Gulf of Kachchh) Wildlife Sanctuary1980
Mitiyala Wildlife Sanctuary2004
Nal Sarovar Bird Wildlife Sanctuary1969
Narayan Sarovar Chinkara Wildlife Sanctuary1995
Paniya Wildlife Sanctuary1989
Porbandar Bird Wildlife Sanctuary1988
Purna Wildlife Sanctuary1990
Rampara Vidi Wildlife Sanctuary1988
Ratanmahal Sloth Bear Wildlife Sanctuary1982
Shoolpaneswar (Dhumkhal) Wildlife Sanctuary1982
Thol Lake Wildlife Sanctuary1988
Wild Ass Wildlife Sanctuary1973
Haryana8Abubshehar Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Bhindawas Lake Wildlife Sanctuary1986
Bir Shikargarh Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Chhilchhila Lake Wildlife Sanctuary1986
Kalesar Wildlife Sanctuary1996
Khaparwas Wildlife Sanctuary1991
Morni Hills (Khol-Hi-Raitan) Wildlife Sanctuary2004
Nahar Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Himachal Pradesh28Bandli Wildlife Sanctuary1962
Chail Wildlife Sanctuary1976
Chandratal Wildlife Sanctuary2007
Churdhar Wildlife Sanctuary1985
Daranghati Wildlife Sanctuary1962
Dhauladhar Wildlife Sanctuary1994
Gamgul Siyabehi Wildlife Sanctuary1962
Kais Wildlife Sanctuary1954
Kalatop-Khajjiar Wildlife Sanctuary1958
Kanawar Wildlife Sanctuary1954
Khokhan Wildlife Sanctuary1954
Kibber Wildlife Sanctuary1992
Kugti Wildlife Sanctuary1962
Lippa Asrang Wildlife Sanctuary1962
Majathal Wildlife Sanctuary1954
Manali Wildlife Sanctuary1954
Nargu Wildlife Sanctuary1962
Pong Dam Lake Wildlife Sanctuary1982
Renuka Wildlife Sanctuary2013
Rupi Bhaba Wildlife Sanctuary1982
Sainj Wildlife Sanctuary1994
Rakchham Chitkul (Sangla Valley) Wildlife Sanctuary1989
Sech Tuan Nala Wildlife Sanctuary1962
Shikari Devi Wildlife Sanctuary1962
Shimla Water Catchment Wildlife Sanctuary1958
Talra Wildlife Sanctuary1962
Tirthan Wildlife Sanctuary1992
Tundah Wildlife Sanctuary1962
Jammu and Kashmir15Baltal-Thajwas Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Changthang Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Gulmarg Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Hirapora Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Hokersar Wildlife Sanctuary1992
Jasrota Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Karakoram (Nubra Shyok) Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Lachipora Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Limber Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Nandni Wildlife Sanctuary1981
Overa-Aru Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Rajparian (Daksum) Wildlife Sanctuary2002
Ramnagar Rakha Wildlife Sanctuary1981
Surinsar Mansar Wildlife Sanctuary1981
Trikuta Wildlife Sanctuary1981
Jharkhand11Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary1976
Gautam Budha Wildlife Sanctuary1976
Hazaribagh Wildlife Sanctuary1976
Kodarma Wildlife Sanctuary1985
Lawalong Wildlife Sanctuary1978
Mahuadanr Wolf Wildlife Sanctuary1976
Palamau Wildlife Sanctuary1976
Palkot Wildlife Sanctuary1990
Parasnath Wildlife Sanctuary1984
Topchanchi Wildlife Sanctuary1978
Udhwa Lake Bird Wildlife Sanctuary1991
Karnataka30Adichunchunagiri Peacock Wildlife Sanctuary1981
Arabithittu Wildlife Sanctuary1985
Attiveri Bird Wildlife Sanctuary1994
Bhadra Wildlife Sanctuary1974
Bhimgad Wildlife Sanctuary2010
Biligiri Rangaswamy Temple (B.R.T.) Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Brahmagiri Wildlife Sanctuary1974
Cauvery Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Chincholi Wildlife Sanctuary2012
Dandeli Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Daroji Bear Wildlife Sanctuary1992
Ghataprabha Bird Wildlife Sanctuary1974
Gudavi Bird Wildlife Sanctuary1989
Gudekote Sloth Bear Wildlife Sanctuary2013
Jogimatti Wildlife Sanctuary2015
Malai Mahadeshwara Wildlife Sanctuary2013
Melkote Temple Wildlife Sanctuary1974
Mookambika Wildlife Sanctuary1974
Nugu Wildlife Sanctuary1974
Pushpagiri Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Ranebennur Black Buck Wildlife Sanctuary1974
Ranganathittu Bird Wildlife Sanctuary1940
Ramadevara Betta Vulture Wildlife Sanctuary2012
Rangayyanadurga Four-horned antelope Wildlife Sanctuary2011
Sharavathi Valley Wildlife Sanctuary1974
Shettihalli Wildlife Sanctuary1974
Someshwara Wildlife Sanctuary1974
Talakaveri Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Thimlapura Wildlife Sanctuary2016
Yadahalli Chinkara Wildlife Sanctuary2015
Kerala17Aralam Wildlife Sanctuary1984
Chimmony Wildlife Sanctuary1984
Chinnar Wildlife Sanctuary1984
Chulannur Peafowl Wildlife Sanctuary2007
Idukki Wildlife Sanctuary1976
Kottiyoor Wildlife Sanctuary2011
Kurinjimala Wildlife Sanctuary2006
Malabar Wildlife Sanctuary2010
Mangalavanam Bird Wildlife Sanctuary2004
Neyyar Wildlife Sanctuary1958
Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary1973
Peechi-Vazhani Wildlife Sanctuary1958
Peppara Wildlife Sanctuary1983
Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary1950
Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuary1984
Thattekad Bird Wildlife Sanctuary1983
Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary1973
Lakshadweep1Pitti (Bird Island) Wildlife Sanctuary1995
Madhya Pradesh25Bagdara Wildlife Sanctuary1978
Bori Wildlife Sanctuary1977
Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary1981
Ghatigaon Wildlife Sanctuary1981
Karera Wildlife Sanctuary1981
Ken Gharial Wildlife Sanctuary1981
Kheoni Wildlife Sanctuary1982
Narsighgarh Wildlife Sanctuary1978
National Chambal Wildlife Sanctuary1978
Noradehi Wildlife Sanctuary1984
Orcha Wildlife Sanctuary1994
Pachmarhi Wildlife Sanctuary1977
Kuno Wildlife Sanctuary1981
Panna (Gangau) Wildlife Sanctuary1979
Panpatha Wildlife Sanctuary1983
Pench Wildlife Sanctuary1975
Phen Wildlife Sanctuary1983
Ralamandal Wildlife Sanctuary1989
Ratapani Wildlife Sanctuary1978
Sailana Wildlife Sanctuary1983
Sanjay Dubari Wildlife Sanctuary1975
Sardarpur Wildlife Sanctuary1983
Singhori Wildlife Sanctuary1976
Son Gharial Wildlife Sanctuary1981
Veerangna Durgavati Wildlife Sanctuary1997
Maharashtra42Amba Barwa Wildlife Sanctuary1997
Andhari Wildlife Sanctuary1986
Aner Dam Wildlife Sanctuary1986
Bhamragarh Wildlife Sanctuary1997
Bhimashankar Wildlife Sanctuary1985
Bor Wildlife Sanctuary1970
Chaprala Wildlife Sanctuary1986
Deulgaon-Rehekuri Wildlife Sanctuary1980
Dhyanganga Wildlife Sanctuary1997
Gangewadi New Great Indian Bustard Wildlife Sanctuary2015
Gautala-Autramghat Wildlife Sanctuary1986
Great Indian Bustard Wildlife Sanctuary1979
Jaikwadi Wildlife Sanctuary1986
Kalsubai Harishchandragad Wildlife Sanctuary1986
Karnala Fort Wildlife Sanctuary1968
Karanja Sohal Blackbuck Wildlife Sanctuary2000
Katepurna Wildlife Sanctuary1988
Koyana Wildlife Sanctuary1985
Lonar Wildlife Sanctuary2000
Malvan Marine Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Mansingdeo Wildlife Sanctuary2010
Mayureswar Supe Wildlife Sanctuary1997
Melghat Wildlife Sanctuary1985
Nagzira Wildlife Sanctuary1970
Naigaon Peacock Wildlife Sanctuary1994
Nandur Madhameshwar Wildlife Sanctuary1986
Narnala Bird Wildlife Sanctuary1997
Nawegaon Wildlife Sanctuary2012
New Bor Wildlife Sanctuary2012
New Nagzira Wildlife Sanctuary2012
Painganga Wildlife Sanctuary1986
Phansad Wildlife Sanctuary1986
Radhanagari Wildlife Sanctuary1958
Sagareshwar Wildlife Sanctuary1985
Tansa Wildlife Sanctuary1970
Thane Creek Flamingo Wildlife Sanctuary2015
Tipeshwar Wildlife Sanctuary1997
Tungareshwar Wildlife Sanctuary2003
Yawal Wildlife Sanctuary1969
Yedsi Ramlin Ghat Wildlife Sanctuary1997
Umred-Kharngla Wildlife Sanctuary2012
Wan Wildlife Sanctuary1997
Manipur2Yangoupokpi Lokchao Wildlife Sanctuary1989
Khongjaingamba Ching Wildlife Sanctuary2016
Meghalaya4Baghmara Pitcher Plant Wildlife Sanctuary1984
Narpuh Wildlife Sanctuary2015
Nongkhyllem Wildlife Sanctuary1981
Siju Wildlife Sanctuary1979
Mizoram8Dampa Wildlife Sanctuary1985
Khawnglung Wildlife Sanctuary1992
Lengteng Wildlife Sanctuary1999
Ngengpui Wildlife Sanctuary1991
Pualreng Wildlife Sanctuary2004
Tawi Wildlife Sanctuary1978
Thorangtlang Wildlife Sanctuary2002
Tokalo Wildlife Sanctuary2007
Nagaland3Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary1980
Puliebadze Wildlife Sanctuary1980
Rangapahar Wildlife Sanctuary1986
Odisha19Badrama Wildlife Sanctuary1962
Baisipalli Wildlife Sanctuary1981
Balukhand Konark Wildlife Sanctuary1984
Bhitarkanika Wildlife Sanctuary1975
Chandaka Dampara Wildlife Sanctuary1982
Chilika (Nalaban) Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Debrigarh Wildlife Sanctuary1985
Gahirmatha (Marine) Wildlife Sanctuary1997
Hadgarh Wildlife Sanctuary1978
Kapilash Wildlife Sanctuary1992
Karlapat Wildlife Sanctuary1992
Khalasuni Wildlife Sanctuary1982
Kothagarh Wildlife Sanctuary1981
Kuldiha Wildlife Sanctuary1984
Lakhari Valley Wildlife Sanctuary1985
Nandankanan Wildlife Sanctuary1979
Satkosia Gorge Wildlife Sanctuary1976
Simlipal Wildlife Sanctuary1979
Sunabeda Wildlife Sanctuary1988
Punjab13Abohar Wildlife Sanctuary1988
Bir Aishvan Wildlife Sanctuary1952
Bir Bhadson Wildlife Sanctuary1952
Bir Bunerheri Wildlife Sanctuary1952
Bir Dosanjh Wildlife Sanctuary1952
Bir Gurdialpura Wildlife Sanctuary1977
Bir Mehaswala Wildlife Sanctuary1952
Bir Motibagh Wildlife Sanctuary1952
Harike Lake Wildlife Sanctuary1982
Jhajjar Bacholi Wildlife Sanctuary1998
Kathlaur Kushlian Wildlife Sanctuary2007
Takhni-Rehampur Wildlife Sanctuary1992
Nangal Wildlife Sanctuary2009
Rajasthan25Bassi Wildlife Sanctuary1988
Bhensrodgarh Wildlife Sanctuary1983
Darrah Wildlife Sanctuary1955
Jaisamand Wildlife Sanctuary1955
Jamwa Ramgarh Wildlife Sanctuary1982
Jawahar Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary1975
Kailadevi Wildlife Sanctuary1983
Kesarbagh Wildlife Sanctuary1955
Kumbhalgarh Wildlife Sanctuary1971
Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary1960
Nahargarh Wildlife Sanctuary1980
National Chambal Wildlife Sanctuary1979
Phulwari Ki Nal Wildlife Sanctuary1983
Ramgarh Vishdhari Wildlife Sanctuary1982
Ramsagar Wildlife Sanctuary1955
Sajjangarh Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Sariska Wildlife Sanctuary1955
Sawaimadhopur Wildlife Sanctuary1955
Sawai Man Singh Wildlife Sanctuary1984
Shergarh Wildlife Sanctuary1983
Sitamata Wildlife Sanctuary1979
Tal Chhapar Wildlife Sanctuary1971
Todgarh Raoli Wildlife Sanctuary1983
Van Vihar Wildlife Sanctuary1955
Bandh Baratha Wildlife Sanctuary1985
Sikkim7Barsey Rhododendron Wildlife Sanctuary1998
Fambong Lho Wildlife Sanctuary1984
Kitam Bird Wildlife Sanctuary2005
Kyongnosla Alpine Wildlife Sanctuary1977
Maenam Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Pangolakha Wildlife Sanctuary2002
Shingba Rhododendron Wildlife Sanctuary1984
Tamil Nadu29Cauvery North Wildlife Sanctuary2014
Chitrangudi Bird Wildlife Sanctuary1989
Gangaikondam Spotted Dear Wildlife Sanctuary2013
Indira Gandhi (Annamalai) Wildlife Sanctuary1976
Kalakad Wildlife Sanctuary1976
Kanjirankulam Bird Wildlife Sanctuary1989
Kanyakumari Wildlife Sanctuary2002
Karaivetti Bird Wildlife Sanctuary1999
Karikilli Birds Wildlife Sanctuary1989
Kodaikanal Wildlife Sanctuary2013
Koonthankulam-Kadankulam Wildlife Sanctuary1994
Megamalai Wildlife Sanctuary2016
Melaselvanoor-Keelaselvanoor Wildlife Sanctuary1998
Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary1942
Mundanthurai Wildlife Sanctuary1977
Nellai Wildlife Sanctuary2015
Oussudu Lake Bird Sanctuary2015
Point Calimere Wildlife Sanctuary1967
Pulicat Lake Bird Wildlife Sanctuary1980
Sathyamangalam WS2008, 2011
Srivilliputhur Grizzled Squirrel Wildlife Sanctuary1988
Theerthangal Bird Sanctuary2016
Sakkarakottai Bird Sanctuary2016
Udayamarthandapuram Lake Wildlife Sanctuary1991
Vaduvoor Birds Wildlife Sanctuary1991
Vedanthangal Lake Birds Wildlife Sanctuary1936
Vellanadu Blackbuck Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Vellode Birds Wildlife Sanctuary1997
Vettangudi Birds Wildlife Sanctuary1977
Telangana9Nagarjuna Sagar-Srisailam Wildlife Sanctuary1978
Eturnagaram Wildlife Sanctuary1953
Kawal Wildlife Sanctuary1965
Kinnersani Wildlife Sanctuary1977
Lanja Madugu Siwaram Wildlife Sanctuary1978
Manjeera Crocodile Wildlife Sanctuary1978
Pakhal Wildlife Sanctuary1952
Pocharam Wildlife Sanctuary1952
Pranahita Wildlife Sanctuary1980
Tripura4Gumti Wildlife Sanctuary1988
Rowa Wildlife Sanctuary1988
Sepahijala Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Trishna Wildlife Sanctuary1988
Uttar Pradesh25Bakhira Wildlife Sanctuary1990
Chandraprabha Wildlife Sanctuary1957
Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar Bird Wildlife Sanctuary2003
Hastinapur Wildlife Sanctuary1986
Kaimur Wildlife Sanctuary1982
Katerniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary1976
Kishanpur Wildlife Sanctuary1972
Lakh Bahosi Bird Wildlife Sanctuary1988
Mahavir Swami Wildlife Sanctuary1977
National Chambal Wildlife Sanctuary1979
Nawabganj Bird Wildlife Sanctuary1984
Okhala Bird Wildlife Sanctuary1990
Parvati Aranga Wildlife Sanctuary1990
Patna Wildlife Sanctuary1990
Pilibhit Wildlife Sanctuary2014
Ranipur Wildlife Sanctuary1977
Saman Bird Wildlife Sanctuary1990
Samaspur Bird Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Sandi Birds Wildlife Sanctuary1990
Sohagibarwa Wildlife Sanctuary1987
Sohelwa Wildlife Sanctuary1988
Sur Sarovar Bird Wildlife Sanctuary1991
Jai Prakash Narayan (Surhatal) Bird Wildlife Sanctuary1991
Turtle Wildlife Sanctuary1989
Vijai Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary1990
Uttarakhand7Askot Wildlife Sanctuary1986
Binsar Wildlife Sanctuary1988
Govind Pashu Vihar Wildlife Sanctuary1955
Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary1972
Mussoorie Wildlife Sanctuary1993
Nandhaur Wildlife Sanctuary2012
Sonanadi Wildlife Sanctuary1987
West Bengal15Ballavpur Wildlife Sanctuary1977
Bethuadahari Wildlife Sanctuary1980
Bibhuti Bhusan Wildlife Sanctuary1980
Buxa Wildlife Sanctuary1986
Chapramari Wildlife Sanctuary1976
Chintamani Kar Bird Wildlife Sanctuary1982
Haliday Island Wildlife Sanctuary1976
Jorepokhri Salamander Wildlife Sanctuary1985
Lothian Island Wildlife Sanctuary1976
Mahananda Wildlife Sanctuary1976
Raiganj Wildlife Sanctuary1985
Ramnabagan Wildlife Sanctuary1981
Sajnakhali Wildlife Sanctuary1976
Senchal Wildlife Sanctuary1976
West Sunderban Wildlife Sanctuary2013

Challenges and Threats

Despite the remarkable efforts to protect India’s national parks, these sanctuaries face a myriad of challenges and threats that pose a constant risk to their delicate balance. From encroachment and habitat fragmentation to poaching and climate change, the preservation of these natural wonders requires a multifaceted approach and continuous vigilance.

Balancing Development and Conservation

One of the primary challenges faced by national parks is the need to balance developmental activities with the preservation of the natural environment. As the country’s population and economic growth continue, the pressure to exploit natural resources and expand infrastructure often comes into conflict with the conservation objectives of these protected areas.

Poaching and Illegal Wildlife Trade

Poaching and the illegal wildlife trade remain persistent threats to the survival of many iconic species found within India’s national parks. Combating these illicit activities requires sustained efforts from law enforcement agencies, international cooperation, and community-based initiatives to curb the demand for these precious resources.

Climate Change and Ecological Shifts

The impacts of climate change are also being felt within India’s national parks, with shifts in temperature, precipitation patterns, and the distribution of species posing significant challenges to the long-term viability of these ecosystems. Adapting to these changes and implementing strategies to mitigate the effects of climate change is crucial for the continued protection of these natural sanctuaries.

Conclusion: Safeguarding India’s Natural Heritage

India’s national parks are not merely protected areas; they are living, breathing manifestations of the country’s rich natural heritage. These sanctuaries serve as beacons of hope, showcasing the remarkable resilience and diversity of the natural world, even in the face of mounting challenges. By prioritizing conservation efforts, fostering sustainable tourism, and engaging local communities, India can ensure that these national parks continue to thrive and inspire generations to come, preserving the country’s unparalleled biodiversity for the benefit of all.

FAQs

Q1. How many national parks are there in India?

There are 106 existing national parks in India covering an area of 44,402.95 km2, which is 1.35% of the geographical area of the country (National Wildlife Database Centre, Nov. 2023)

Q2. What is the largest national park in India?

Hemis National Park in Jammu and Kashmir is the largest national park in India, spanning an area of approximately 4,400 square kilometers.

Q3. What is the smallest national park in India?

The South Button Island National Park in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands is the smallest national park in India, covering an area of just 0.03 square kilometers.

Q4. Which state has the maximum number of national parks?

Madhya Pradesh and Andaman and Nicobar Islands have the maximum number of national parks, with 9 each.

Q5. What is the primary objective of national parks in India?

The primary objective of national parks in India is to preserve and protect wildlife, biodiversity, and natural ecosystems, ensuring the maintenance of the natural ecological balance.

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