Naval Group has commenced the initial sea trials for the French Navy’s fourth Barracuda-class nuclear-powered attack submarine, De Grasse (S638). This critical phase involves various activities designed to assess the submarine’s capabilities in preparation for its official commissioning, slated for later in 2026. The sea trials follow extensive dock tests of the submarine’s equipment and systems that took place after its launch in 2025 and the subsequent induction of its nuclear reactor.
The Barracuda-class initiative, known as the Suffren program, was initiated in the early 2000s to modernize France’s submarine fleet by replacing the aging Rubis-class submarines, which have been in service since the 1980s. The plan encompasses the construction of six advanced platforms, all anticipated to be operational by 2030. Each submarine is designed with a lifespan of roughly 30 years, ensuring a long-term strategic advantage for the French Navy.
As of now, the French Navy has inducted three Barracuda submarines between 2022 and 2025, with De Grasse and the remaining vessels currently progressing through various stages of development. According to Naval Group, “The Barracuda program commits submarine forces until at least 2060, making it one of the major weapons systems of this century.”
A dedicated workforce of approximately 2,500 individuals, which includes about 800 subcontractors from Naval Group, is actively involved in the production of the Barracuda series, highlighting the scale and significance of this military endeavor.
In terms of specifications, the Barracuda-class submarines measure 100 meters (328 feet) in length and possess a beam of 9 meters (30 feet), allowing for the accommodation of a crew of 60 personnel. They are powered by a K15 nuclear reactor capable of producing around 200,000 horsepower, complemented by two 13,000-horsepower turbo generators and two 640-horsepower emergency diesel generators, as well as an electric pumpjet for propulsion.
The offensive capabilities of the Barracuda are formidable, featuring a range of sensors for navigation and countermeasures. Its arsenal includes land-attack missiles, anti-ship missiles, heavyweight torpedoes, and underwater mines. The submarine is capable of diving to depths exceeding 350 meters (1,148 feet) and can reach speeds surpassing 25 knots (29 miles/46 kilometers per hour). Additionally, it supports operational deployments lasting up to 70 consecutive days, solidifying its role as a critical asset in modern naval warfare.
