What Is Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (QUAD)?
What Is QUAD?
- Known as the ‘Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (QSD), the QUAD is an informal strategic forum comprising four nations, namely: USA, India, Australia, and Japan. One of the Primary Objectives of the Quad is to work for a free, open, prosperous, and inclusive Indo-Pacific region.
Why QUAD?
- China’s unilateral claim on the 9 Dash Line in the South China Sea; rapid building of its 1st overseas base in Djibouti; and its activities in the Indian Ocean beyond the Malacca Straits have alarmed regional countries like India and Japan about increasing Chinese ambition.
Following The TimeLine:
- 2004: Exercise Malabar and the 2004 Tsunami when India conducted relief and rescue operations for itself and neighboring countries and was later joined by the US, Japan, and Australia.
- 2007: The idea of QUAD was first mooted by Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe in 2007.
- 2010: Australia withdrew from the forum due to political pressure from the Chinese government.
- 2012: Shinzo Abe again floated the concept of Asia’s “Democratic Security Diamond” involving Australia, India, Japan, and the US to safeguard the maritime commons from the Indian Ocean to the western Pacific.
- 2017: India, the US, Australia, and Japan gave shape to the long-pending “Quad” Coalition to develop a new strategy to keep the critical sea routes in the Indo-Pacific free of any influence (especially China). Quad is criticized by China as an Asian version of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).
- 2019: Since 2019, Quad has had regular conversations at the foreign ministers’ level.
- 2020: Consistent Meetings Took Place for Discussion on crucial global developments (COVID) and Joint Naval Exercise (Malabar) took place.
- 2021: The Quad grouping was elevated to leaders level this year with the first in-person summit that happened in Washington on Sept 24.
- 2022: Japan will host the summit next year (2022), India in the year 2023, and Australia in 2024.
Principles Of QUAD:
- Keeping the strategic sea routes in the Indo-Pacific free of any military or political influence. To secure a rules-based global order, freedom of navigation, and a liberal trading system. Exchange views on contemporary global issues such as critical and connectivity and infrastructure, cyber security, maritime security, disaster relief, climate change, and education.
Significance Of QUAD For India:
- Tackle Raising Chinese Influence
- Net Security Provider
- Global Influence
- Trade & Economic Influx
Issues Related To QUAD:
- Undefined Vision
- Maritime Dominated
- No Treaty Alliance System
- New Friendship (Indo-USA)
Way Forward:
- Discussion & Debate
- Need For Clear Vision, Mission & Motto
- Allow Expanding QUAD
- Need For A Maritime Doctrine
REVIEW QUESTIONS
- NOT Included In The Quad Group
- United States of America
- Australia
- Russia
- India
ANSWER: C
- Military Exercise Carried Out By The Quad Members
- Ekuverin
- Indra
- Malabar
- Hand in Hand
ANSWER: C
- Nine-dash Line Is Associated With
- China
- Japan
- India
- Russia
ANSWER: A
- String Of Pearls Strategy Is Associated With
- South Korea
- North Korea
- Japan
- China
ANSWER: D
- Necklace Of Diamonds Strategy Is Associated With
- Pakistan
- Bhutan
- India
- Sri Lanka
ANSWER: C
- Idea Of QUAD Was First Mooted By
- Shinzo Abe
- Dick Cheney
- Manmohan Singh
- John Howard
ANSWER: A
- Concept Of Asia’s “Democratic Security Diamond”
- Shinzo Abe
- Dick Cheney
- Manmohan Singh
- John Howard
ANSWER: A
- Where Was The Quad Summit 2021 Held
- India
- USA
- Japan
- Australia
ANSWER: B
- The Quad Summit 2023 Is Expected To Be Hosted By
- India
- USA
- Japan
- Australia
ANSWER: A
- Current Prime Minister Of Japan
- Shinzo Abe
- Fumio Kishida
- Yoshihiko Noda
- Yoshihide Suga
ANSWER: B
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