The role of RIC (Russia-India-China) in geopolitics centers on its function as a strategic counterbalance to Western dominance, providing a forum for dialogue, regional stability, and multipolarity.
Role of RIC in Geopolitics
and Cooperation
Despite historical rivalries and mismatched ambitions, RIC provides a vital forum for dialogue on issues such as the situation in Afghanistan, climate change governance (notably the Arctic route), disaster relief, and humanitarian assistance. Regular interactions allow India, Russia, and China to identify convergences and manage regional frictions, giving India leverage to advance its interests in Eurasia while also balancing maritime and continental priorities.
India’s Multialignment and Strategic Leverage
For India, RIC acts as both a strategic opportunity and a diplomatic challenge. It is a tool that can be wielded for multialignment, enabling India to hedge against uncertainties in its partnerships with the United States and foster reforms in multilateral institutions like the UN and WTO. RIC also multiplies India’s bargaining power in Eurasian affairs and global discussions, allowing it to shape outcomes in contested regions such as Central Asia and the Indo-Pacific.
Geopolitical Constraints
However, RIC’s effectiveness is limited by unresolved issues such as the India-China border dispute, economic disparities, and conflicting ambitions—particularly China’s outreach to Pakistan and assertiveness in regions like the South China Sea. The grouping’s success as a geopolitical force depends on creative diplomacy and the ability of members to turn contradictions into opportunities for cooperation.
Role in Multipolar World Order
Ultimately, RIC’s revival is seen as a strategic opportunity to advance a multipolar world order, anchoring new groupings like BRICS+ and allowing the three countries to unite on common interests despite the potential for discord. Its gatherings, whether symbolic or substantive, help shape global power shifts and allow each member to carve out independent spheres of influence.
In summary, RIC plays a nuanced role as a platform for strategic dialogue, balance, and multipolarity in global geopolitics, despite significant internal challenges and external pressures.
