Russia has extended an offer to supply India with up to 40 Su-57 fifth-generation stealth fighter jets, intended as an interim solution while India develops its own Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA), which is projected to enter service by the mid-2030s.
The proposal includes the delivery of two squadrons of the Sukhoi Su-57, with the first aircraft potentially arriving between 2027 and 2028, and full induction of all units expected to be completed by 2030, contingent upon finalizing the deal by the end of 2026.
This offer comes at a critical time for the Indian Air Force (IAF), which is currently facing a deficiency in fifth-generation combat aircraft, given that the AMCA program is still in its developmental phase. Russia is positioning the Su-57, known by its NATO codename “Felon,” as a stopgap measure, highlighting its advanced stealth capabilities, supercruise capabilities, and multi-role combat effectiveness.
In terms of production, Russia’s United Aircraft Corporation (UAC) is ramping up efforts to produce 16 to 20 Su-57 aircraft annually by 2027 to fulfill both domestic and export obligations. Concurrently, Moscow plans to induct a total of 76 Su-57 jets into its own air force by 2028 while accommodating international orders, including that from India.
However, the current Su-57 aircraft are equipped with the AL-41F1 engines, which are transitional systems derived from earlier models. The more advanced Izdeliye 177 (AL-51F) engines, which are considered a genuine fifth-generation powerplant, are still in development. Russia has indicated a willingness to provide an upgrade program post-2030, enabling India to retrofit the aircraft with new engines once they become operational.
India is also exploring the option of licensed production under the government’s ‘Make in India’ initiative. Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) is currently assessing its manufacturing infrastructure to support such an endeavor. However, the viability of the deal hinges on several factors, including the extent of technology transfer, cost considerations, and long-term maintenance commitments.
Strategically, this offer signifies Russia’s attempts to strengthen defense relations with India, especially following India’s exit from the earlier Fifth Generation Fighter Aircraft (FGFA) program in 2018. A final decision regarding the acquisition will depend on the financial viability, the level of technology sharing, and how well the deal aligns with India’s goals for indigenous defense production and self-reliance.
With the Indian Ministry of Defence emphasizing the need for self-sufficiency and enhanced technological capabilities, the proposal for Su-57 presents both a significant opportunity and a complex challenge for India—requiring a careful balance between immediate operational requirements and long-term goals for domestic military development.
