As an aspirant for the National Defence Academy (NDA) or Combined Defence Services (CDS) exams, understanding the judiciary’s role in the Indian polity is crucial. The judiciary is a cornerstone of democracy and plays a vital role in maintaining the rule of law, protecting fundamental rights, and ensuring justice.
1. Upholding the Constitution
The judiciary interprets and enforces the Constitution, ensuring that all laws and actions of the government comply with constitutional provisions. Landmark judgments, such as the Kesavananda Bharati case, have reinforced the judiciary’s role in safeguarding the Constitution’s basic structure.
2. Protecting Fundamental Rights
One of the judiciary’s primary functions is to protect citizens’ fundamental rights. Through writs like habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quo warranto, and certiorari, the judiciary ensures that citizens can seek redress against violations of their rights.
3. Judicial Review
Judicial review empowers the judiciary to assess the constitutionality of legislative and executive actions. This mechanism ensures a check on arbitrary power and upholds the principle of the separation of powers.
4. Dispute Resolution
The judiciary resolves disputes between individuals, and between individuals and the state. By providing a platform for fair and impartial adjudication, the judiciary ensures social order and justice.
5. Guardian of Public Interest
Public Interest Litigation (PIL) allows the judiciary to address issues affecting the public at large. Through PILs, the judiciary can initiate action on matters of public concern, thereby promoting social justice.
6. Maintaining Federal Balance
The judiciary also plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance between the Union and State governments. By interpreting the distribution of powers between different levels of government, the judiciary helps prevent conflicts and ensures cooperative federalism.
Preparing for the Exam
For NDA and CDS aspirants, a thorough understanding of the judiciary’s functions, landmark cases, and its role in the Indian polity is essential. Focus on constitutional provisions related to the judiciary (Articles 124-147), landmark Supreme Court judgments, and current affairs involving judicial decisions.
Conclusion
The judiciary’s significance in the Indian polity cannot be overstated. It acts as a guardian of the Constitution, protector of rights, and an arbiter of disputes, ensuring the smooth functioning of democracy. A deep understanding of the judiciary will not only aid in your NDA or CDS exam preparation but also enhance your comprehension of India’s democratic framework.
